Ethical standards for publication exist to ensure high-quality scientific publications, public trust in scientific findings, and that people receive credit for their work and ideas.

Publication ethics are a set of ethical principles and guidelines that govern the behavior of authors, reviewers, editors, and publishers in the publication process. One important aspect of publication ethics is authorship, which refers to who should be listed as an author on a publication.

Authorship is typically granted to individuals who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the study being reported. All authors should have a significant intellectual contribution to the work, and they should have participated in drafting or revising the manuscript. Additionally, authors should take responsibility for the accuracy and integrity of the work and be able to defend the findings presented in the manuscript.

It is important to note that individuals who have not made a significant intellectual contribution to the work, such as those who have provided only minor technical or logistical support, should not be listed as authors. It is also important to avoid ghost authorship, which is when someone who has made a significant contribution to the work is not listed as an author, or when an individual who has not contributed to the work is listed as an author.

To avoid these issues, journals often require authors to provide a description of each author's contributions to the work, known as an authorship statement. It is important for authors to be transparent and honest in their authorship statements and to discuss authorship with their co-authors before submitting their manuscript for publication.

https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/653883/Authorship-factsheet-March-2019.pdf